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How Social Isolation Affects the Brain

Being alone greatly changes some brain regions more than others.

by Gary L. Wenk, Ph.D., is a professor of psychology, neuroscience, molecular virology, immunology and medical genetics at the Ohio State University.

Psychology Today, Posted January 7, 2023

Key points

  • Our need for social interactions is as fundamental as our need for proper nutrition and adequate sleep.
  • Social isolation causes decreased white matter in brain regions critical for thinking and emotional control.
  • Connectivity changes between the amygdala and frontal lobes are associated with increased behavioral problems.

One of the most important consequences of society’s response to COVID-19 was the clear demonstration that our need for social interactions is as fundamental as our need for proper nutrition and adequate sleep.

Physical distancing, quarantines, and lockdowns increased the incidence of depression in adults and adolescents. Past psychological studies documented that people experiencing prolonged social isolation, such as orphans and empty nesters, have an increased risk of depression and insomnia.

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